Урок 23: Past Continuous. Фон в прошлом и его прерывание · English

Как работать с этим уроком

Прочитай Часть 1 — это про взгляд: «в процессе» vs «точечное».
Запомни связку с Past Simple — Past Continuous один используется редко; чаще он живёт в паре с Past Simple.
Прогони матрицу «фон + прерывание» — фирменная конструкция носителей в рассказе.
Запомни глаголы-исключения — те, что не любят continuous-форму (know, love, see…).

Это самое «сюжетное» время английского — то, которым рассказывают истории. Без него любая история звучит сухо и пунктирно.

Часть 1: Что такое Past Continuous

Past Continuous = «в момент в прошлом действие БЫЛО В ПРОЦЕССЕ».

Контраст с Past Simple:

Past Simple (точка)	Past Continuous (процесс)
I read a book. — Я прочитал / читал книгу (факт).	I was reading a book. — Я читал (был в процессе чтения).
It rained yesterday. — Вчера прошёл дождь / шёл дождь.	It was raining yesterday at 5 p.m. — Вчера в 5 вечера шёл дождь.
She lived in Paris. — Она жила в Париже (факт жизни).	She was living in Paris that summer. — Тем летом она жила в Париже (временно).

Главная разница: Past Simple даёт факт или завершённое действие. Past Continuous «остановил время» и показал, что в тот момент действие шло.

Часть 2: Форма — was/were + verb-ing

was / were + verb-ing

Лицо	was/were	+ verb-ing
I	was	reading
you	were	reading
he / she / it	was	reading
we	were	reading
they	were	reading

Та же логика, что Present Continuous (L11), только was/were вместо am/is/are.

Отрицание: wasn't / weren't. I wasn't sleeping. — Я не спал. They weren't listening. — Они не слушали.

Вопрос: was/were выходит вперёд. Were you working? — Ты работал? What was she doing? — Что она делала?

Правописание verb-ing — то же, что в Present Continuous:

e на конце выпадает: make → making, write → writing

короткий гласный + согласная → удваивается: run → running, sit → sitting, swim → swimming

-ie → -ying: lie → lying, die → dying

Часть 3: Три типичных использования

Тип A: Фон в прошлом + точечное событие (Past Continuous + Past Simple)

Самое частое использование. Длинное действие шло — короткое его прервало.

when + Past Simple (короткое действие) while / as + Past Continuous (фон)

I was sleeping when the phone rang. — Я спал, когда зазвонил телефон. While she was cooking dinner, the doorbell rang. — Пока она готовила ужин, позвонили в дверь. As we were walking home, it started to rain. — Когда мы шли домой, начался дождь.

Хак для русскоязычного:

Длинный фон, в процессе → Past Continuous («was/were + ing»)

Короткое событие, точка → Past Simple

when обычно ставится перед Past Simple, while/as — перед Past Continuous.

Тип B: Сцена в прошлом — «в этот момент»

Описание обстановки в конкретный момент прошлого.

It was 8 p.m. The sun was setting. Children were playing in the park. A cold wind was blowing from the sea. — Было 8 вечера. Солнце садилось. Дети играли в парке. Холодный ветер дул с моря.

Это сценическая «киноcамера» — типичный приём в начале рассказа.

Тип C: Два параллельных длящихся действия

Оба действия шли одновременно (без прерывания).

While I was cooking, my husband was watching TV. — Пока я готовил, муж смотрел телевизор. The kids were sleeping while we were talking quietly. — Дети спали, пока мы тихо разговаривали.

Оба глагола в Past Continuous. while — типичная связка.

Часть 4: when vs while vs as

Эти три союза часто путают.

Союз	Смысл	Что после него
when	в момент, когда	обычно Past Simple
while	пока (одновременно с)	обычно Past Continuous
as	в то время как / по мере того как	Past Continuous

Примеры:

I was reading when he came in. — Я читал, когда он вошёл. While I was reading, he was watching TV. — Пока я читал, он смотрел телевизор. As I was leaving, the rain started. — Когда я уходил, начался дождь.

Гибкость: когда оба действия — точечные, оба идут в Past Simple, и тогда when означает «и тогда»: When the phone rang, I answered it. — Когда телефон зазвонил, я ответил. (Два события одно за другим — обе Past Simple.)

Часть 5: Глаголы, которые НЕ используются в continuous

Целая группа английских глаголов «не любит» -ing форму. Это stative verbs — глаголы состояний, восприятий и мышления. С ними используем Past Simple, даже если по смыслу действие «длилось».

Группа	Глаголы	Пример
знание / мысль	know, believe, understand, mean, remember, forget, think (= считать)	I knew her well. (НЕ I was knowing)
восприятие	see, hear, smell, taste, feel (без действия)	I saw a bird. (НЕ I was seeing)
эмоции / симпатии	like, love, hate, want, need, prefer, hope	She loved him. (НЕ She was loving him)
обладание	have (= иметь), own, belong	I had a car.
бытие	be (часто), seem, look (= выглядеть)	He seemed tired.

Hack для путаницы: think и have — оба бывают и stative, и dynamic:

I think you're right. (= считаю — stative)

I was thinking about you. (= размышлял — dynamic, можно continuous)

I have a car. (= владею — stative)

I was having a shower. (= принимал душ — dynamic)

Словарь урока

🔊 Выучи словаОткроет словарь урока во внешнем приложении: карточки со звуком, поиск, заметки.

to sleep (slept)
спать
to read (read)
читать
to write (wrote / written)
писать
to cook (cooked)
готовить
to clean (cleaned)
убирать
to drive (drove / driven)
вести машину
to walk (walked)
идти пешком
to run (ran / run)
бежать
to talk (talked)
разговаривать
to listen (listened)
слушать
to watch (watched)
смотреть
to wait (waited)
ждать
to look for
искать
to think about
думать о
to ring (rang / rung)
звонить (о телефоне, звонке)
to knock (knocked)
стучать
to arrive (arrived)
прибыть
to enter (entered)
войти
to leave (left)
уйти
to call (called)
позвонить
to fall (fell / fallen)
упасть
to break (broke / broken)
сломаться
to start (started)
начаться
to stop (stopped)
прекратиться
to happen (happened)
случиться
to notice (noticed)
заметить
to suddenly (наречие)
вдруг
to realize (realized)
осознать
the sun was setting / rising
солнце садилось / вставало
it was raining / snowing
шёл дождь / снег
the wind was blowing
дул ветер
birds were singing
пели птицы
people were walking
люди ходили
traffic was moving slowly
движение было медленным
the streets were getting empty
улицы пустели
the storm was approaching
буря приближалась
when
когда
while
пока, в то время как
as
когда / по мере того как
suddenly
вдруг
at that moment
в тот момент
meanwhile
тем временем
just then
как раз тогда
all night / all day
всю ночь / весь день
from 7 to 9
с 7 до 9

Немецкий	Перевод
to sleep (slept)	спать
to read (read)	читать
to write (wrote / written)	писать
to cook (cooked)	готовить
to clean (cleaned)	убирать
to drive (drove / driven)	вести машину
to walk (walked)	идти пешком
to run (ran / run)	бежать
to talk (talked)	разговаривать
to listen (listened)	слушать
to watch (watched)	смотреть
to wait (waited)	ждать
to look for	искать
to think about	думать о
to ring (rang / rung)	звонить (о телефоне, звонке)
to knock (knocked)	стучать
to arrive (arrived)	прибыть
to enter (entered)	войти
to leave (left)	уйти
to call (called)	позвонить
to fall (fell / fallen)	упасть
to break (broke / broken)	сломаться
to start (started)	начаться
to stop (stopped)	прекратиться
to happen (happened)	случиться
to notice (noticed)	заметить
to suddenly (наречие)	вдруг
to realize (realized)	осознать
the sun was setting / rising	солнце садилось / вставало
it was raining / snowing	шёл дождь / снег
the wind was blowing	дул ветер
birds were singing	пели птицы
people were walking	люди ходили
traffic was moving slowly	движение было медленным
the streets were getting empty	улицы пустели
the storm was approaching	буря приближалась
when	когда
while	пока, в то время как
as	когда / по мере того как
suddenly	вдруг
at that moment	в тот момент
meanwhile	тем временем
just then	как раз тогда
all night / all day	всю ночь / весь день
from 7 to 9	с 7 до 9

Полный словарь

557 записей

Прочитай задание, введи ответ по-английски и нажми «Проверить». Сначала идёт локальная проверка; в сложных случаях запрашиваем подсказку у Claude. Прогресс сохраняется автоматически.

🔊 УпражненияОткроет ответы упражнений во внешнем приложении — изучай со звуком и пословным разбором.

Упражнение 1. Past Simple или Past Continuous?

Поставь глагол в правильную форму:

1.I ___ (read) a book when she ___ (come) in.

2.While we ___ (have) lunch, it ___ (start) to rain.

3.At 8 p.m. yesterday, I ___ (watch) TV.

4.He ___ (drive) to work when his car ___ (break) down.

5.The kids ___ (play) in the garden while their mum ___ (cook) dinner.

6.I ___ (not / sleep) when you ___ (call).

7.What ___ you ___ (do) at this time yesterday?

8.As I ___ (walk) home, I ___ (meet) an old friend.

9.They ___ (wait) for the bus when it ___ (start) to snow.

10.The phone ___ (ring) three times while I ___ (be) in the shower.

Упражнение 2. Найди ошибку

Найди ошибку и исправь:

1.<say>I was knowing him for many years.</say>

2.<say>While she cooked, I watched TV.</say>

3.<say>He was having a car.</say>

4.<say>I was seeing a bird in the tree.</say>

5.<say>What you were doing yesterday?</say>

6.<say>When I was a child, I was loving chocolate.</say>

Упражнение 3. Закончи историю

Поставь глаголы в Past Simple или Past Continuous:

Yesterday evening, I (sit) at home and (watch) a film. The film (be) really interesting, and I (not / hear) the doorbell at first. Suddenly, the dog (start) to bark. I (get up) and (go) to the door. While I (open) it, the wind (blow) hard. A man (stand) outside. He (look) tired and wet because it (rain). He (ask) for help — his car (break) down on our street. I (invite) him in and (call) a mechanic.

Свободное упражнение — без автопроверки. Проговори ответы вслух и иди дальше.

Упражнение 4. Переведи на английский

1.Я спал, когда зазвонил телефон.

2.Что ты делал вчера в 7 вечера?

3.Когда мы вошли, дети играли на полу.

4.Пока я готовила ужин, муж смотрел новости.

5.Шёл дождь, и дул сильный ветер.

6.Она ехала на работу, когда у неё сломалась машина.

7.Я не слушал, когда учитель объяснял.

8.Когда я был ребёнком, я жил в Москве.

9.Как раз когда мы выходили, начался дождь.

10.Тем временем гости ждали в гостиной.

Упражнение 5. Сценическое описание

Опиши обстановку: «Был вечер. На улице…» — 5–7 предложений, всё в Past Continuous. Используй сценическую лексику.

Свободное упражнение — без автопроверки. Проговори ответы вслух и иди дальше.

Упражнение 6. Read aloud — рассказ с фоном

Прочитай вслух, выделяя паузы в нужных местах:

Last night, I was driving home from work. It was raining hard, and I was listening to the radio. Suddenly, my phone rang. I pulled over and answered. It was my sister. She was calling from the airport. While she was talking, her flight was being announced. We said goodbye quickly.

Свободное упражнение — без автопроверки. Проговори ответы вслух и иди дальше.

Нужно ещё практики? Claude составит новое упражнение из 10 заданий по словарю и теме урока.

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Тексты для аудирования

Три варианта на каждый урок. Открой в glottos.com для аудио с синхронизацией.

Текст A

Текст к уроку 23: Past Continuous

🔊 Аудио-практика ↗

Yesterday evening I was sitting at home.
I was reading a good book.
My wife was working on her laptop.
The children were doing their homework.
The cat was sleeping on the sofa.
The dog was lying near the door.
It was raining hard outside.
The wind was blowing through the trees.
Suddenly, the lights went off.
The whole street was dark.
We were looking for candles.
The children were laughing in the dark.
My wife was searching in a drawer.
I was checking my phone for news.
After ten minutes, the lights came back.
We were all relieved.
I made some tea while my wife was cooking dinner.
The children were watching cartoons.
The cat was still sleeping in the same place.
The dog was waiting for his food.
While we were eating, the rain stopped.
The sky was clearing up.
A bright moon was rising.
We were finishing our dessert when a friend called.
He was driving home and saw the lights on.
We invited him in for coffee.
While we were drinking coffee, we were talking about the storm.
He was telling stories about other power cuts.
The children were listening with big eyes.
It was a quiet and happy evening.

Текст B

Текст к уроку 23: Past Continuous

🔊 Аудио-практика ↗

Last Friday I was driving home from work.
It was already dark and very cold.
The road was wet from the morning rain.
I was listening to my favourite music.
I was thinking about my weekend plans.
Suddenly, a black cat ran across the road.
I braked hard but the car was sliding.
Another driver was coming the other way.
He was honking and flashing his lights.
I managed to stop just in time.
The other car stopped right behind me.
We were both shaking from the shock.
The man got out and walked towards me.
He was wearing a long coat and a hat.
He asked if I was okay.
I told him I was fine, but my heart was beating fast.
We were standing in the middle of the road.
Other cars were passing us slowly.
The cat was sitting on the pavement.
It was looking at us calmly.
A police car arrived a few minutes later.
The officer was asking us questions.
While he was writing his report, the rain started again.
We were all getting wet.
The officer let us go after fifteen minutes.
I drove home slowly, my hands still shaking.
When I got home, my wife was waiting for me.
She was making dinner and listening to the radio.
I told her the whole story over dinner.
We agreed that I was lucky that night.

Текст C

Текст к уроку 23: Past Continuous

🔊 Аудио-практика ↗

It was a warm Sunday in May.
The sky was blue and the sun was shining brightly.
I was walking in the park near my house.
Many people were enjoying the good weather.
Children were running and laughing.
Their parents were watching them from the benches.
A young couple was sitting under a tree.
They were reading a book together.
An old man was feeding the pigeons.
The pigeons were jumping around his feet.
Two girls were riding their bikes on the path.
They were singing a song from a film.
A man was throwing a ball to his dog.
The dog was running and barking happily.
By the pond, some teenagers were taking photos.
They were trying funny poses for their pictures.
A street musician was playing the guitar.
A small group was listening and clapping.
I was walking slowly and looking around.
Then it started to get cloudy.
The wind was getting stronger.
People were quickly packing their bags.
Mothers were calling their children.
The musician was putting his guitar away.
The first drops of rain were falling.
Everyone was running towards the gates.
I was running too, towards a small cafe.
Inside, other visitors were already drinking tea.
We were all watching the storm through the window.
After half an hour, the sun was shining again.

Аудио воспроизводится в glottos.com — открывается в новой вкладке.

Тренировка рта

Главный принцип: 95% — это тренировка рта. Читай каждую строку вслух. Не просто смотри — говори.

Language scales

Scale 1 — was reading в момент звонка

I was reading when the phone rang. You were reading when the phone rang. He was reading when the phone rang. She was reading when the phone rang. We were reading when the phone rang. They were reading when the phone rang.

Scale 2 — параллельные действия

While I was cooking, my brother was watching TV. While you were cooking, your brother was watching TV. While she was cooking, her brother was watching TV. While we were cooking, our brother was watching TV. While they were cooking, their brother was watching TV.

Scale 3 — отрицание

I wasn't sleeping. You weren't sleeping. He wasn't sleeping. We weren't sleeping. They weren't sleeping.

Scale 4 — вопрос

What were you doing at 8 p.m.? What was she doing at 8 p.m.? What were they doing at 8 p.m.?

Language matrix

Matrix 1 — фон + прерывание

Question	Answer
What were you doing when I called?	I was having dinner.
What was she doing when you arrived?	She was watching TV.
What were they doing when the storm started?	They were walking in the park.
What was he doing when the boss came in?	He was checking his phone.

Matrix 2 — в конкретный момент

Question	Answer
What were you doing at 7 yesterday?	I was driving home.
What were you doing this morning at 9?	I was working at my computer.
What were you doing all evening?	I was preparing for an exam.
What were you doing during the meeting?	I was taking notes.

Matrix 3 — when / while

Question	Answer
When did the lights go out?	While we were having dinner.
When did you see her?	While I was waiting for the bus.
When did the accident happen?	While the children were playing in the street.

ФОРМА:
  was / were + verb-ing
  I was reading.            They were sleeping.
  Was she working?          Weren't you listening?

ТРИ СПОСОБА ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ:

A. Фон + прерывание (САМЫЙ ЧАСТЫЙ):
   I was sleeping WHEN the phone rang.
   WHILE I was cooking, the doorbell rang.
   AS we were walking home, it started to rain.

   Длинный фон → Past Continuous
   Короткое прерывание → Past Simple
   when обычно с Past Simple, while/as — с Past Continuous

B. Сцена в момент в прошлом:
   At 8 p.m. yesterday, the sun was setting and children
   were playing in the park.

C. Два параллельных длящихся:
   While I was cooking, my husband was watching TV.

ИСКЛЮЧЕНИЯ — STATIVE VERBS (нельзя -ing):
  know, believe, understand, remember, mean, think (=считать)
  see, hear, smell, taste, feel
  like, love, hate, want, need, prefer
  have (=иметь), own, belong
  be, seem, look (=выглядеть)

  С ними — Past Simple, даже если по смыслу «длилось».
  ✗ I was knowing him for years   ✓ I knew him for years

WHEN vs WHILE vs AS:
  when    — обычно перед Past Simple («и тогда»)
  while   — обычно перед Past Continuous («пока»)
  as      — обычно перед Past Continuous («когда, по мере того как»)

ОРФОГРАФИЯ -ING:
  e отпадает:           write → writing, make → making
  удвоение согласной:    run → running, sit → sitting
  -ie → -ying:           lie → lying, die → dying

Следующий шаг: Урок 24 — Present Perfect Continuous. Действие началось в прошлом, продолжается до сих пор, и фокус на самом процессе. Соединение перфекта (L21) и continuous (L23).

Следующий урок:Урок 24: Present Perfect Continuous. Длящаяся активность до сейчас