Lektion 13: did — Fragen und Verneinungen in der Vergangenheit
Wie du mit dieser Lektion arbeitest
- Lies die Regel — besonders die Hauptfalle „nach did → Grundform" (5 Minuten).
- Übersetze die Übungen schriftlich — kontrolliere mit der Lösung.
- Sprich laut — jedes Mal, wenn du did hörst, zwinge das folgende Verb in die Grundform.
- Beschleunige — gehe die Matrix durch, bis „Did you go?" das falsche „Did you went?" endgültig verdrängt.
In Lektion 6 hast du do/does kennengelernt — das Hilfsverb für die Gegenwart. Diese Lektion bringt seine Vergangenheitsversion: did. Ein Hilfsverb für alle Personen, alle Verben. Ein Geschenk für Deutschsprachige: keine Endungen wie „arbeitete / arbeitetest" — eine Form. Aber du bezahlst es mit der Hauptfalle: nach did kehrt das Hauptverb zur Grundform zurück. „Did you went?" ist ein häufiger Fehler; richtig: „Did you go?".
Hinweis: Das ganze Konzept des Hilfsverbs für Fragen und Verneinungen ist im Deutschen unbekannt. Im Deutschen sagst du „Gingst du?" oder „Bist du gegangen?" — das Hauptverb selbst trägt die Information. Im Englischen schiebt sich did dazwischen und übernimmt die Last. Das musst du als neues Konstrukt akzeptieren — und es wird in do/does (L6) bereits begonnen.
Teil 1: Die Hauptidee — did als ein Hilfsverb für alles
Im Englischen werden Fragen und Verneinungen in der Vergangenheit nicht durch Veränderung des Hauptverbs gebildet, sondern über das Hilfsverb did.
Schablonen:
Aussage: I + past form of verb. → I went to the cinema. Verneinung: I + did not + base form. → I did not go to the cinema. Frage: Did + I + base form? → Did I go to the cinema?
Die Hauptsache, die du verstehen musst:
Did trägt schon die „Vergangenheit". Deshalb trägt das Hauptverb sie NICHT. Die Vergangenheit wird einmal markiert — auf did.
Vergleiche:
| Aussage | Verneinung | Frage |
|---|---|---|
| I went. | I didn't go. | Did I go? |
| She saw it. | She didn't see it. | Did she see it? |
| They made dinner. | They didn't make dinner. | Did they make dinner? |
| He worked yesterday. | He didn't work yesterday. | Did he work yesterday? |
Bemerkst du es? In den beiden rechten Spalten ist das Hauptverb in Grundform (go, see, make, work). Die Vergangenheit „sitzt" schon in did/didn't.
Teil 2: HAUPTfalle — nach did steht das Verb IMMER in der Grundform
Der häufigste Fehler von Deutschsprachigen auf dieser Stufe:
❌ Did you went to the park? ✅ Did you go to the park?
❌ She didn't saw him. ✅ She didn't see him.
❌ Did they had dinner? ✅ Did they have dinner?
Warum so: did markiert bereits „das war in der Vergangenheit". Wenn du noch went / saw / had dazustellst, markierst du die Vergangenheit doppelt. Im Englischen ist das verboten: ein Marker für eine Bedeutung.
Eselsbrücke: did + base. Did zieht die Vergangenheit zu sich. Base — nur die Verbbasis.
Prüfe dich selbst: Siehst du did oder didn't im Satz? Dann steht das folgende Hauptverb in der ersten Form. Immer. Ohne Ausnahme.
Teil 3: Voll- und Kurzformen
| Vollform | Kurzform |
|---|---|
| did not | didn't |
Did in der affirmativen Frage wird nicht zusammengezogen — es wird did geschrieben.
| Aussage | Verneinung lang | Verneinung kurz |
|---|---|---|
| I worked | I did not work | I didn't work |
| she saw | she did not see | she didn't see |
| we ate | we did not eat | we didn't eat |
| they went | they did not go | they didn't go |
In der lebendigen Sprache und in Texten wird fast immer didn't verwendet. Das volle did not — für Betonung oder im formellen Kontext.
Teil 4: Did für alle Personen gleich
| Person | Did + base | Did + not + base |
|---|---|---|
| I | Did I work? | I didn't work. |
| you | Did you work? | You didn't work. |
| he | Did he work? | He didn't work. |
| she | Did she work? | She didn't work. |
| it | Did it work? | It didn't work. |
| we | Did we work? | We didn't work. |
| they | Did they work? | They didn't work. |
Kein does / did nach Personen. In der Vergangenheit — immer did, ohne Variation. Das ist einfacher als in der Gegenwart (wo es do und does gibt).
Teil 5: Fragen mit Fragewort
Struktur: Fragewort + did + Subjekt + Grundform?
| Fragewort | Beispiel |
|---|---|
| What | What did you do yesterday? |
| Where | Where did she go? |
| When | When did they arrive? |
| Why | Why did he leave? |
| How | How did you find this place? |
| Who (Objekt) | Who did you see? |
| What time | What time did the film start? |
Ausnahme: Wenn who das Subjekt der Frage ist, wird did NICHT verwendet, und das Verb steht in der Vergangenheitsform: Who called you? — Wer hat dich angerufen? (nicht „Who did call you?") Who saw John? — Wer hat John gesehen?
Vergleiche: Who did you call? — Wen hast du angerufen? (who — Objekt, did nötig)
Diese Feinheit musst du nicht jetzt auswendig lernen — sie kehrt in L28 (Relativsätze) zurück. Hauptsache, du erkennst „Who called you?" als normale Frage.
Teil 6: did vs was/were — NICHT verwechseln
ACHTUNG: to be benutzt did nicht. Es hat eigene Formen — was/were (Lektion 12).
| Verb | Aussage | Verneinung | Frage |
|---|---|---|---|
| to be | I was tired. | I wasn't tired. | Was I tired? |
| jedes andere | I worked. | I didn't work. | Did I work? |
❌ Did you was at home? — NEIN ✅ Were you at home?
❌ He didn't was happy. — NEIN ✅ He wasn't happy.
Das ist dasselbe Prinzip wie in der Gegenwart (Lektion 3 + Lektion 6): to be braucht weder do noch did — es ist sein eigenes Hilfsverb.
Teil 7: Kurzantworten
Struktur: Yes/No, Subjekt + did/didn't. Das Hauptverb wird nicht wiederholt.
| Frage | Pos. Antwort | Neg. Antwort |
|---|---|---|
| Did you work? | Yes, I did. | No, I didn't. |
| Did she see it? | Yes, she did. | No, she didn't. |
| Did they go? | Yes, they did. | No, they didn't. |
Merke: „Yes, I did go" ist zu betont, etwa wie „ja, ich BIN tatsächlich gegangen". Normale Antwort — kurz: „Yes, I did".
Wortschatz dieser Lektion
- to happen / happenedpassieren / passierte
- to begin / beganbeginnen / begann
- to continue / continuedfortfahren / fuhr fort
- to end / endedenden / endete
- to decide / decidedentscheiden / entschied
- to try / triedversuchen / versuchte
- to lose / lostverlieren / verlor
- to win / wongewinnen / gewann
- to bring / broughtbringen / brachte
- to send / sentsenden / sandte
- to ask / askedfragen / fragte
- to answer / answeredantworten / antwortete
- to forget / forgotvergessen / vergaß
- to remember / rememberedsich erinnern / erinnerte sich
- to understand / understoodverstehen / verstand
- firstzuerst, erstens
- thendann, danach
- nextals Nächstes
- after thatdanach
- laterspäter
- finallyschließlich
- in the endam Ende
- suddenlyplötzlich
- at firstanfangs
- beforevor, davor
- duringwährend
- whilewährend (Konjunktion)
- soalso, deshalb
| Französisch | Übersetzung | |
|---|---|---|
to happen / happened | passieren / passierte | |
to begin / began | beginnen / begann | |
to continue / continued | fortfahren / fuhr fort | |
to end / ended | enden / endete | |
to decide / decided | entscheiden / entschied | |
to try / tried | versuchen / versuchte | |
to lose / lost | verlieren / verlor | |
to win / won | gewinnen / gewann | |
to bring / brought | bringen / brachte | |
to send / sent | senden / sandte | |
to ask / asked | fragen / fragte | |
to answer / answered | antworten / antwortete | |
to forget / forgot | vergessen / vergaß | |
to remember / remembered | sich erinnern / erinnerte sich | |
to understand / understood | verstehen / verstand | |
first | zuerst, erstens | |
then | dann, danach | |
next | als Nächstes | |
after that | danach | |
later | später | |
finally | schließlich | |
in the end | am Ende | |
suddenly | plötzlich | |
at first | anfangs | |
before | vor, davor | |
during | während | |
while | während (Konjunktion) | |
so | also, deshalb |
Vollständiges Wörterbuch
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Aufgabe lesen, Antwort auf Englisch eintippen und auf Prüfen klicken. Jede Antwort wird zuerst lokal geprüft; in kniffligen Fällen gibt Claude einen Hinweis. Der Fortschritt wird automatisch gespeichert.
🔊 ÜbungenÖffnet die Übungsantworten in der externen App — mit Audio und Wort-für-Wort-Analyse.Übung 1. Bilde die Frage (mit did)
Übung 2. Bilde die Verneinung (mit didn't)
Übung 3. Setze did/didn't oder was/were/wasn't/weren't ein
Übung 4. Finde und korrigiere den Fehler
Übung 5. Setze das richtige Fragewort ein
Übung 6. Übersetze vom Deutschen ins Englische
Übung 7. Baut eine Mini-Geschichte
Erzähle mit Wörtern der Reihenfolge (first, then, after that, later, finally) eine Geschichte aus deiner Vergangenheit. Mindestens 6 Sätze, mindestens eine Verneinung und eine Frage.
Offene Übung — keine automatische Prüfung. Sag die Antworten laut und mach weiter.
Mehr Übung gewünscht? Claude erstellt aus Wortschatz und Thema dieser Lektion eine frische Übung mit 10 Aufgaben.
Erstellt: 0 von 5
Hörtexte
Drei Textvarianten pro Lektion. In glottos.com öffnen für synchrone Audiowiedergabe.
Text AText zu Lektion 13: did in Fragen und Verneinungen🔊 Audio-Praxis ↗
- Hi, Tom, how was your weekend?
- Did you do anything interesting?
- Yes, on Saturday I went to a concert.
- Did you go alone?
- No, I didn't. My sister came with me.
- Who played at the concert?
- A young rock band from our city.
- Did you like them?
- Yes, I liked them a lot. They were great.
- Did they play any of their new songs?
- They played two new songs and many old ones.
- After the concert, did you go home?
- No, we didn't go home right away.
- First we went to a small restaurant near the hall.
- We ate burgers and drank cold lemonade.
- Then a friend called us and invited us to a party.
- Did you go to the party?
- Yes, we did, but we didn't stay very long.
- We came home around midnight.
- Did you sleep well after such a long day?
- No, I didn't sleep well at all.
- I felt tired but my head was full of music.
- On Sunday I didn't get up early.
- I didn't do any work.
- I just read a book and drank tea.
- Did you watch any football on TV?
- No, I didn't have time for that.
- My sister and I cooked a big lunch together.
- We made soup, salad and an apple cake.
- We didn't go out again — we just talked and laughed at home.
Text BText zu Lektion 13: did in Fragen und Verneinungen🔊 Audio-Praxis ↗
- Did you hear about Mark from the office?
- No, I didn't. What happened?
- On Monday morning he came to work very late.
- The boss saw him and asked why.
- Mark didn't answer at first.
- Then he said his car didn't start.
- The boss didn't believe him.
- Did he have a real reason?
- Yes, but he didn't tell the truth right away.
- In fact, he forgot to set his alarm.
- He woke up an hour after his usual time.
- He tried to call a taxi, but no taxi came quickly.
- So he ran to the metro station.
- The metro was slow that morning because of an accident.
- Did the boss get angry?
- At first, yes. He didn't say much.
- Then Mark told the whole story.
- He apologised and promised it would not happen again.
- The boss listened carefully and finally smiled.
- He told Mark to go to his desk and start work.
- Did the day end well?
- In a way, yes. Mark finished his report in the evening.
- He didn't go to lunch with us — he ate at his desk.
- He didn't take any breaks all day.
- We all helped him a little when we had time.
- In the end, he sent the report to the boss at six.
- The boss read it and said it was good.
- Did Mark feel better after that?
- He looked very tired but happy.
- He didn't forget his alarm again — at least not that week.
Text CText zu Lektion 13: did in Fragen und Verneinungen🔊 Audio-Praxis ↗
- Last Tuesday I lost my wallet.
- I didn't know where I left it.
- First I checked my bag, but it wasn't there.
- Did I leave it at home? No, I didn't.
- Did I drop it on the street? Maybe.
- I tried to remember every place I went that day.
- In the morning I went to a café.
- I bought a coffee and a small cake.
- Did I pay with cash or with my card?
- I paid with cash, so I took my wallet out.
- After the café I went to the post office.
- I sent a parcel to my parents.
- Did I use my wallet there? Yes, I did.
- Then I went to a bookshop near the park.
- I bought a new book about Italy.
- Did I have my wallet when I left the shop?
- I didn't remember exactly.
- I called the café first. They didn't find any wallet.
- I called the post office. They said no, they didn't see one.
- Finally I called the bookshop.
- A kind woman answered the phone.
- She asked me what colour the wallet was.
- I said it was dark brown with a small zip.
- She said yes, she found one near the door.
- Did I feel happy? Of course I did!
- I took a bus and went to the shop right away.
- The woman gave me my wallet.
- Nothing was missing — not even a single coin.
- I thanked her many times and bought her a coffee.
- I didn't lose my wallet again — I now check my bag every hour.
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Teil 9: Sprachtonleiter
🔊 Audio-PraxisTonleiter 1 — Did + Subjekt + base (Frage)
Did I see the film?
Did you see the film?
Did he see the film?
Did she see the film?
Did we see the film?
Did they see the film?
Merke: see, nicht saw. Nach did immer Grundform.
Tonleiter 2 — didn't + base (Verneinung)
I didn't go to work
You didn't go to work
He didn't go to work
She didn't go to work
We didn't go to work
They didn't go to work
Tonleiter 3 — Kurzantworten
Did you eat? — Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
Did she call? — Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.
Did they win? — Yes, they did. / No, they didn't.
Did it rain? — Yes, it did. / No, it didn't.
Teil 10: Sprachmatrix
🔊 Audio-PraxisMatrix 1 — „Was ist gestern passiert?"
What did you do yesterday? — I worked at home.
Where did you go? — I went to the park.
When did you come back? — I came back at six.
Who did you see? — I saw my friend Mark.
Why did you go there? — Because the weather was nice.
How did you get there? — I took the bus.
Matrix 2 — Verneinungen und Kontrast
Did you eat breakfast? — No, I didn't eat anything.
Did she call you? — No, she didn't, but she sent a message.
Did they come to the party? — No, they didn't come.
Did he finish the book? — No, he didn't finish it.
Did it rain yesterday? — No, it didn't. The weather was nice.
Matrix 3 — kleine Geschichte mit Fragen
A: Where did you go last weekend?
B: I went to a small town near the sea.
A: Did you go alone?
B: No, I didn't. I went with my sister.
A: What did you do there?
B: We walked on the beach and ate seafood.
A: Did you stay at a hotel?
B: Yes, we did. A small one near the harbour.
A: Did you like it?
B: Yes, we loved it. We didn't want to come home.
DID = Hilfsverb für die Vergangenheit.
Eins für alle Personen. Wird benutzt in:
- Fragen: Did you go?
- Verneinungen: I didn't go.
HAUPTFALLE:
Nach DID oder DIDN'T steht das Verb IMMER in der Grundform!
❌ Did you went? ✅ Did you go?
❌ She didn't saw ✅ She didn't see
Warum: did trägt schon die „Vergangenheit". Ein Marker reicht.
SCHABLONEN:
Aussage : I went (past form)
Vern. : I didn't go (didn't + base)
Frage : Did I go? (did + Subj + base?)
WH-? : Where did I go? (WH + did + Subj + base?)
KURZANTWORTEN:
Did you...? → Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
Did she...? → Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.
DID ≠ WAS/WERE:
Verb to be → was / were (ohne did)
jedes andere → did
❌ Did you was? ✅ Were you?
❌ He didn't was ✅ He wasn't
WHO als SUBJEKT — ohne did:
Who called you? (wer rief — ohne did)
aber: Who did you call? (wen riefst du — mit did)
Kurzform: did not → didn't (in der Alltagssprache — immer didn't)
Nächster Schritt: Lektion 14 — Artikel, zweiter Anlauf. Systematische Regeln: the für Einmaliges und Wiederholtes, a/an für Berufe und erste Erwähnung, Nullartikel für allgemeine Pluralformen, unzählbare Nomen, geografische Namen, Mahlzeiten und abstrakte Substantive. Wichtigster Punkt für Deutschsprachige: der zero article bei allgemeinen Pluralformen und Unzählbarem ist ein mentaler Sprung, denn das Deutsche setzt dort meistens auch keinen Artikel — aber die Verteilung weicht oft ab. Genau hinschauen.
Nächster Schritt: Lektion 14 — Artikel, zweiter Anlauf. Systematische Regeln: the für Einmaliges und Wiederholtes, a/an für Berufe und erste Erwähnung, Nullartikel für allgemeine Pluralformen, unzählbare Nomen, geografische Namen, Mahlzeiten und abstrakte Substantive. Wichtigster Punkt für Deutschsprachige: der zero article bei allgemeinen Pluralformen und Unzählbarem ist ein mentaler Sprung, denn das Deutsche setzt dort meistens auch keinen Artikel — aber die Verteilung weicht oft ab. Genau hinschauen.