Lektion 24: Present Perfect Continuous. Andauernde Aktivität bis jetzt · English

Wie du mit dieser Lektion arbeitest

Lies Teil 1 — das ist die Kombination aus Perfect (L21) und Continuous (L23). Wenn beide einzeln klar sind — verstehst du sie sofort.
Merk dir den Kontrast mit Present Perfect — das normale Perfect spricht über das Ergebnis, Continuous — über den Prozess.
Trainier die Matrix mit for, since, all morning, lately.
Merk dir drei typische Fragen: How long have you been doing…?, What have you been doing?, und „Why are you…?" → „Because I've been…"

Das ist die „Zeit für das Erzählen über die eigene Anstrengung". Muttersprachler nutzen sie, wenn sie Aktivität und deren Dauer betonen wollen, nicht einfach den Fakt.

Wichtig für Deutschsprachige: Deutsch hat überhaupt kein Äquivalent für Present Perfect Continuous. Wir sagen einfach „ich lerne seit fünf Jahren Englisch" — Präsens. Englisch hat eine eigene Form dafür, und du musst sie als neues Konzept verinnerlichen: Erfahrung + Verlauf + bis jetzt in einer Zeit.

Teil 1: Was ist Present Perfect Continuous

Verknüpfung von zwei Ideen, die du schon kennst:

Present Perfect (L21): Verbindung der Handlung zu JETZT. Continuous (L11, L23): Fokus auf dem PROZESS.

Zusammen: Aktivität, die in der Vergangenheit begonnen hat, andauerte, und entweder noch läuft oder gerade eben aufgehört hat — und wichtig ist der Prozess selbst, nicht das Ergebnis.

Form:

have / has + been + verb-ing

Person	have/has + been + ing
I	have been working
you	have been working
he / she / it	has been working
we	have been working
they	have been working

Kurzformen: I've been working, she's been waiting, they've been studying.

Verneinung: haven't been / hasn't been. Frage: Have you been waiting?, How long has she been working here?

Teil 2: Zwei typische Verwendungen

Typ A: Handlung hat begonnen und dauert bis jetzt an

I have been studying English for ten years. — Ich lerne seit zehn Jahren Englisch (und lerne immer noch). She has been working here since 2020. — Sie arbeitet seit 2020 hier (und arbeitet immer noch). It has been raining all morning. — Es regnet seit dem Morgen (und regnet immer noch). We have been waiting for an hour. — Wir warten seit einer Stunde (und warten immer noch).

Wir nutzen dieselben for und since wie mit Present Perfect (L22).

Deutsch-Falle: „Ich lerne seit zehn Jahren Englisch" ist im Deutschen Präsens. Englisch verlangt hier Present Perfect Continuous (oder einfaches Present Perfect, siehe unten). I am learning English for ten years — FALSCH. Es muss heißen I have been learning English for ten years.

Kontrast mit Present Perfect: I have read three books. — Ich habe drei Bücher gelesen (Ergebnis, Fakt). I have been reading for three hours. — Ich lese seit drei Stunden (Prozess, Dauer).

Typ B: Handlung hat gerade eben aufgehört — Spuren sind jetzt sichtbar

I'm tired — I've been working all day. — Ich bin müde — ich habe den ganzen Tag gearbeitet. Her eyes are red. She has been crying. — Ihre Augen sind rot. Sie hat geweint. You're wet! Have you been swimming? — Du bist nass! Hast du geschwommen? Sorry I'm late — I've been waiting for the bus. — Sorry für die Verspätung — ich habe auf den Bus gewartet.

Hack: wenn die Handlung sichtbare Folgen im Jetzt hat und du betonen willst „was ich in letzter Zeit getrieben habe" — das ist Present Perfect Continuous.

Teil 3: Der Hauptkontrast — Present Perfect vs Present Perfect Continuous

Das ist ein kritisches Paar. Sie unterscheiden sich im Fokus:

Present Perfect (result)	Present Perfect Continuous (process / duration)
I have written three letters. — Drei geschrieben (wie viele)	I have been writing letters all morning. — Den ganzen Morgen geschrieben (wie lange)
She has cleaned the house. — Hat aufgeräumt (fertig)	She has been cleaning the house. — Sie hat aufgeräumt (war damit beschäftigt)
I've read this book twice. — Zweimal gelesen (wie oft)	I've been reading this book for a week. — Lese seit einer Woche (wie lange, lese noch)
We've painted the kitchen. — Gestrichen (fertig)	We've been painting the kitchen. — Wir haben gestrichen (deswegen Farbe an den Händen)
He has lived here for ten years. — Lebt(e) 10 Jahre (neutral)	He has been living here for ten years. — Dasselbe, mit Akzent auf „die ganze Zeit"

Wann wähle ich welches — drei Heuristiken:

1. Wenn es Zahl, Menge, „wie viele" (mal / Stück) gibt → Present Perfect: I have read three books this week. She has called me five times.

2. Wenn Dauer wichtig ist, „wie lange" → Present Perfect Continuous: I have been reading for three hours. She has been calling all day.

3. Wenn das jetzt sichtbare Ergebnis wichtig ist → Present Perfect; wenn der Prozess sichtbar ist → Continuous: I have washed the car. (da steht es, sauber) I have been washing the car. (da stehe ich, nass)

Stative verbs (siehe L23): know, love, want, have (= besitzen), be usw. — werden nicht im Continuous benutzt, auch hier nicht: ✗ I have been knowing him for ten years ✓ I have known him for ten years. — Present Perfect, nicht Continuous. Mit den Verben live, work, study, teach sind beide Formen fast ohne Unterschied erlaubt: I've lived / I've been living here for ten years.

Teil 4: Present-Perfect-Continuous-Marker

Marker	Beispiel
for + Dauer	for two hours / for a week
since + Zeitpunkt	since this morning / since Monday
all morning / all day / all week	I've been working all day.
How long…?	How long have you been waiting?
lately / recently	I've been feeling tired lately.
these days	What have you been doing these days?

Beachte: lately und recently funktionieren sowohl mit Present Perfect als auch mit Present Perfect Continuous — die Wahl nach Fokus (Ergebnis vs Prozess).

Teil 5: Typische Situationen

Situation 1: „Warum siehst du / fühlst du dich so aus?"

You look tired. — I've been working all night. Why are your hands so dirty? — I've been gardening. Why is the kitchen wet? — I've been washing the floor.

Situation 2: „Sorry für…"

Sorry I'm late — I've been waiting for the bus for half an hour. Sorry, I didn't hear you — I've been listening to music with headphones.

Situation 3: „Wie lange machst du schon…?"

How long have you been learning English? How long has she been living here? How long have they been married? — Achtung: be married — stativ → Present Perfect: They have been married for ten years.

Situation 4: Bericht über Hobby / Neuigkeiten

I've been thinking about my future a lot lately. She's been training for the marathon since January. We've been planning a trip to Spain.

Wortschatz dieser Lektion

🔊 Wörter lernenÖffnet den Wortschatz in der externen App — Karteikarten mit Audio, Suche und Notizen.

to wait
warten
to study
lernen, studieren
to learn
lernen
to teach
unterrichten
to work
arbeiten
to live
leben, wohnen
to read
lesen
to write
schreiben
to play
spielen
to practise
üben
to train
trainieren
to run
laufen
to swim
schwimmen
to drive
(Auto) fahren
to cook
kochen
to clean
putzen
to paint
streichen, malen
to plan
planen
to think about
nachdenken über
to talk to
reden mit
to look for
suchen
for + Zeitraum
seit / (zeit-)lang
since + Zeitpunkt
seit
all morning / all day / all week
den ganzen Morgen / Tag / die ganze Woche
the whole time
die ganze Zeit
How long…?
Wie lange…?
lately / recently
in letzter Zeit
these days
dieser Tage, neuerdings
so far
bisher
non-stop
ohne Unterbrechung
for ages
eine Ewigkeit
for a while
eine Weile
still
immer noch
tired
müde
wet
nass
dirty
dreckig
sweaty
verschwitzt
out of breath
außer Atem
covered in paint
mit Farbe beschmiert
red eyes
rote Augen
messy hair
zerzauste Haare

Französisch	Übersetzung
to wait	warten
to study	lernen, studieren
to learn	lernen
to teach	unterrichten
to work	arbeiten
to live	leben, wohnen
to read	lesen
to write	schreiben
to play	spielen
to practise	üben
to train	trainieren
to run	laufen
to swim	schwimmen
to drive	(Auto) fahren
to cook	kochen
to clean	putzen
to paint	streichen, malen
to plan	planen
to think about	nachdenken über
to talk to	reden mit
to look for	suchen
for + Zeitraum	seit / (zeit-)lang
since + Zeitpunkt	seit
all morning / all day / all week	den ganzen Morgen / Tag / die ganze Woche
the whole time	die ganze Zeit
How long…?	Wie lange…?
lately / recently	in letzter Zeit
these days	dieser Tage, neuerdings
so far	bisher
non-stop	ohne Unterbrechung
for ages	eine Ewigkeit
for a while	eine Weile
still	immer noch
tired	müde
wet	nass
dirty	dreckig
sweaty	verschwitzt
out of breath	außer Atem
covered in paint	mit Farbe beschmiert
red eyes	rote Augen
messy hair	zerzauste Haare

Vollständiges Wörterbuch

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🔊 ÜbungenÖffnet die Übungsantworten in der externen App — mit Audio und Wort-für-Wort-Analyse.

Übung 1. Present Perfect oder Present Perfect Continuous?

Wähle die richtige Form:

1.I ___ (read) this book for two weeks, but I haven't finished it yet.

2.She ___ (read) the book — she gave it back to me yesterday.

3.We ___ (live) here for ten years.

4.How many letters ___ you ___ (write) today?

5.How long ___ you ___ (write) letters?

6.He's tired because he ___ (work) all day.

7.He has finally finished — he ___ (work) on this project for three months.

8.I ___ (know) her since we were children.

9.They ___ (paint) the kitchen. Look at the new colour!

10.They ___ (paint) the kitchen all weekend.

Übung 2. Bilde Fragen „How long…?"

Mach daraus eine Frage mit How long…?

1.<say>I am learning Spanish.</say>

2.<say>She lives in this city.</say>

3.<say>They are waiting for the bus.</say>

4.<say>He works at this company.</say>

5.<say>I am reading this book.</say>

Übung 3. Erkläre mit „I've been …"

Erkläre die Situation mit Present Perfect Continuous:

1.Meine Augen tun weh. (den ganzen Tag lesen)

2.Ich bin sehr müde. (seit dem Morgen arbeiten)

3.Meine Hände sind voller Farbe. (den Zaun streichen)

4.Sorry, ich bin nass. (im Regen rennen)

5.Er hat schmutzige Schuhe. (im Park spazieren)

Übung 4. Übersetze ins Englische

1.Ich lerne seit fünf Jahren Englisch.

2.Sie wartet seit einer halben Stunde auf den Bus.

3.Wie lange wohnst du schon in Berlin?

4.Ich bin müde — ich habe die ganze Nacht gearbeitet.

5.Sie hat rote Augen — sie hat geweint.

6.Es regnet seit gestern Abend.

7.Was hast du in letzter Zeit gemacht?

8.Ich habe den ganzen Morgen an dich gedacht.

9.Sie trainieren seit Januar für den Marathon.

10.Sorry für die Verspätung — ich habe eine halbe Stunde nach den Schlüsseln gesucht.

Übung 5. Erzähl von deinen Anstrengungen

Schreib 5–6 Sätze darüber, was du in letzter Zeit gemacht hast — für die Arbeit, für die Gesundheit, für die Ausbildung. Alle — im Present Perfect Continuous.

Offene Übung — keine automatische Prüfung. Sag die Antworten laut und mach weiter.

Übung 6. Read aloud — „Wie geht's?"

Lies laut, hebe die Kurzformen und Verbindungen been + ing hervor:

How have you been? I've been busy lately. I've been working on a new project. I've been getting home late every evening. I've been sleeping badly. My wife has been complaining. The kids have been asking when I'll be home more. But the project is almost done. I've been telling myself: just one more week.

Offene Übung — keine automatische Prüfung. Sag die Antworten laut und mach weiter.

Mehr Übung gewünscht? Claude erstellt aus Wortschatz und Thema dieser Lektion eine frische Übung mit 10 Aufgaben.

Erstellt: 0 von 5

Hörtexte

Drei Textvarianten pro Lektion. In glottos.com öffnen für synchrone Audiowiedergabe.

Text A

Hörtext zu Lektion 24: Present Perfect Continuous

🔊 Audio-Praxis ↗

How have you been? I haven't seen you for a while.
I've been very busy lately.
I've been working on a big project at the office.
I've been getting home very late every evening.
I've been sleeping only six hours a night.
I've been drinking too much coffee.
My wife has been complaining about my hours.
The kids have been asking when I'll come home earlier.
But the project is almost finished.
I've been telling myself: just one more week.
What about you? How have you been spending your time?
I've been studying for an exam.
I've been reading the same books for a month.
I've been taking notes every evening.
My head has been hurting from all the studying.
But I've been feeling more confident lately.
I think I'm ready for the test.
Has the weather been good in your city?
No, it's been raining for two weeks.
I haven't been going out much.
I've been watching films at home.
I've been cooking more than usual.
I've been learning new recipes online.
The dog has been getting bored without long walks.
He's been sitting by the window for hours.
He's been watching the rain like a sad film.
We have been waiting for the sun to come back.
Tomorrow the forecast is good, finally.
I've been planning a long walk with the dog.
I've been looking forward to it all week.

Text B

Hörtext zu Lektion 24: Present Perfect Continuous

🔊 Audio-Praxis ↗

I have been training for a marathon since January.
I have been running five times a week.
I have been waking up at five in the morning.
I have been eating much healthier than before.
I haven't been drinking alcohol for three months.
My coach has been helping me a lot.
He has been giving me a new plan every week.
He has been recording all my times.
My family has been supporting me.
They have been cooking healthy dinners.
My wife has been running with me on weekends.
The kids have been making posters for the race.
We have been thinking about this for years.
But this year I have finally been doing it.
The race is next month.
I have been getting faster every week.
I have been feeling stronger than ever.
My legs have been hurting sometimes.
But my doctor has been checking everything.
He has been telling me I am healthy.
I have been reading books about runners.
I have been watching marathons online.
I have been learning a lot about my body.
I have been understanding myself better.
Friends have been asking how I do it.
I have been answering: one step at a time.
They have been getting interested too.
Two of them have been joining my morning runs.
We have been pushing each other.
We have been becoming a small running group.

Text C

Hörtext zu Lektion 24: Present Perfect Continuous

🔊 Audio-Praxis ↗

We have been renovating our flat since March.
The workers have been coming every day except Sunday.
They have been making a lot of noise.
They have been drilling through the walls.
They have been carrying heavy materials up the stairs.
Our neighbours have been complaining politely.
We have been apologising every week.
The dust has been getting into everything.
I have been cleaning the same shelves three times a day.
My wife has been losing patience with the workers.
They have been promising to finish soon.
But they have been finding new problems.
They have been changing the plan twice already.
The bathroom has been waiting for new tiles.
The kitchen has been missing a sink for two weeks.
We have been washing dishes in the bathtub.
We have been cooking with one electric pan.
The kids have been eating pizza too often.
They have been enjoying it actually.
But I have been missing real home food.
The painters have been working in the living room.
They have been choosing colours with my wife.
They have been showing her samples every day.
She has been changing her mind constantly.
Now she has been wanting a calm green.
The painters have been smiling patiently.
Tomorrow they are starting with the walls.
By next week the room will be ready.
I have been counting the days until the end of the project.
We have been dreaming of a normal evening at home.

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Mundtraining

Kernprinzip: 95 % Mundtraining. Lies jede Zeile laut. Nicht nur hinschauen — sprechen.

Sprachtonleiter

Tonleiter 1 — wait + for

I have been waiting for an hour. You have been waiting for an hour. He has been waiting for an hour. She has been waiting for an hour. We have been waiting for an hour. They have been waiting for an hour.

Tonleiter 2 — study + since

I have been studying English since 2018. You have been studying English since 2018. He has been studying English since 2018. She has been studying English since 2018. We have been studying English since 2018. They have been studying English since 2018.

Tonleiter 3 — Verneinung

I haven't been sleeping well lately. You haven't been sleeping well lately. He hasn't been sleeping well lately. She hasn't been sleeping well lately. We haven't been sleeping well lately. They haven't been sleeping well lately.

Tonleiter 4 — Frage „How long…?"

How long have I been waiting? How long have you been waiting? How long has he been waiting? How long has she been waiting? How long have we been waiting? How long have they been waiting?

Sprachmatrix

Matrix 1 — How long…?

Question	Answer
How long have you been studying English?	I've been studying for six years.
How long has she been working here?	She's been working here since January.
How long have they been waiting?	They've been waiting for half an hour.
How long has it been raining?	It's been raining since this morning.

Matrix 2 — Why are you…?

Question	Answer
Why are you so tired?	Because I've been working all night.
Why is your shirt wet?	Because I've been washing the car.
Why are your eyes red?	Because I've been crying.
Why is the kitchen messy?	Because I've been cooking all afternoon.

Matrix 3 — Perfect vs Perfect Continuous

Result (Perfect)	Process (Perfect Continuous)
I've written three emails.	I've been writing emails all day.
She has read the book.	She has been reading the book.
We've painted the kitchen.	We've been painting the kitchen.
I've called him twice.	I've been trying to call him for an hour.

FORM:
  have / has + been + verb-ing
  I've been working      she's been waiting
  haven't been sleeping  Have you been crying?

DEUTSCH HAT KEINE ÄQUIVALENT-FORM:
  „Ich lerne seit 5 Jahren Englisch" → Präsens im Deutschen
  Englisch: I have been learning English for 5 years
  Du musst diese Zeit NEU als Konzept lernen.

ZWEI VERWENDUNGEN:

A. Handlung begann und DAUERT BIS JETZT AN:
   I've been studying English for six years.   (lerne immer noch)
   She's been working here since 2020.         (arbeitet immer noch)
   It's been raining all morning.              (regnet immer noch)

B. Handlung hat GERADE EBEN AUFGEHÖRT — Spuren sichtbar:
   I'm tired — I've been working all night.
   Your eyes are red — have you been crying?
   You're wet! Have you been swimming?

KONTRAST MIT PRESENT PERFECT:
  Perfect — ERGEBNIS, Fakt, WIE VIELE:
    I've written three letters.
    She has read the book.

  Perfect Continuous — PROZESS, Dauer, WIE LANGE:
    I've been writing all morning.
    She's been reading for an hour.

WAHLHEURISTIKEN:
  Wie viele Stück / mal?  →  Perfect
  Wie lange?              →  Perfect Continuous
  Sichtbares Ergebnis?    →  Perfect
  Sichtbarer Prozess?     →  Perfect Continuous

STATIVE VERBS — NUR PERFECT (kein Continuous):
  know, love, want, hate, like, need, prefer
  have (= besitzen), own, belong
  see, hear, understand, remember
  ✗ I've been knowing him   ✓ I've known him

AUSNAHME — fast dasselbe:
  live, work, study, teach — erlauben beide Formen
  I've lived here / I've been living here — beides OK

MARKER:
  for + Zeitraum      for two hours, for ages
  since + Zeitpunkt   since 2020, since Monday
  all morning / day / week
  How long…?
  lately / recently / these days

TYPISCHE FRAGEN:
  How long have you been doing X?
  What have you been doing (lately)?
  Why are you / look so X? — Because I've been ...ing.

Nächster Schritt: Lektion 25 — Past Perfect. „Vergangenheit vor der Vergangenheit" — für die Reihenfolge zweier Ereignisse in der Vergangenheit. had + past participle. Zurück zur Erzählung, jetzt mit einer dritten Zeit. Gute Nachricht: deutsches Plusquamperfekt entspricht dem fast eins zu eins — bekanntes Terrain.

Nächste Lektion:Lektion 25: Past Perfect. Die Vergangenheit vor der Vergangenheit