Lesson 3: The verbs haben and sein

Vocabulary: Family

Completing this lesson will add to your overall progress:

VocabularyA1+4%A2+0.5%
GrammarA1+5%A2+0.5%

How to work with this lesson

  1. Read — understand the rule (5 minutes, no more!)
  2. Say it out loud — slowly, consciously, analyzing every form
  3. Speed up — repeat until the phrases fly out on their own

You can count and introduce yourself. Time to actually talk. The first two verbs — haben and sein — are the foundation of everything. Without them you can't build a single sentence.


Part 1: sein (to be)

In Russian people say "I student" — they drop "to be". In German — you can't. Every sentence needs a verb, just like in English.

Ich bin Student. — I am a student.

Conjugation of sein is irregular. Just like "to be" in English (I am / you are / he is). Don't look for logic — drill it.

PronounseinEnglish
ichbinI am
dubistyou are (sg.)
er / sie / esisthe/she/it is
wirsindwe are
ihrseidyou are (pl.)
Sie (formal)sindyou are

Notice: ist ≈ "is". Free cognate. bin is unique — but English used to have "be-est" (Shakespeare's "thou be-est"). Same family.

Examples

  • Ich bin aus London. — I am from London.
  • Du bist Ingenieur. — You are an engineer.
  • Er ist zwanzig Jahre alt. — He is twenty years old.
  • Wir sind Freunde. — We are friends.
  • Ihr seid nett. — You guys are nice.
  • Sie sind Herr Braun? — You are Mr. Braun?

Trap! "I am 20 years old" — Germans literally say "I am 20 years old": Ich bin zwanzig Jahre alt. Same as English. NOT "Ich habe 20 Jahre" (that's French). Age = sein.


Part 2: haben (to have)

Cognate alert: haben ≈ "to have". hat ≈ "has". You already know half this verb.

Ich habe einen Bruder. — I have a brother.

Conjugation of haben — also irregular, but simpler:

PronounhabenEnglish
ichhabeI have
duhastyou have
er / sie / eshathe/she/it has
wirhabenwe have
ihrhabtyou (pl.) have
Sie (formal)habenyou have

Examples

  • Ich habe eine Schwester. — I have a sister.
  • Du hast einen Hund. — You have a dog.
  • Sie hat zwei Kinder. — She has two children.
  • Wir haben ein Problem. — We have a problem.
  • Ihr habt eine große Familie. — You guys have a big family.
  • Haben Sie Zeit? — Do you have time?

Trap! du hast, er hat — the b drops out. NOT "du habst" or "er habt" — say du hast, er hat. The same thing happens in English: "I have / he has" loses the "ve". German loses the "b". Lazy mouths everywhere.

The object form (a heads-up)

You'll notice einen Bruder (with -en) but eine Schwester (with -e). That's the Akkusativ — the "object" form of the article. Don't worry about it yet. Just learn the phrases as chunks. Lesson 9 explains the whole system. Promise.

For now, remember: masculine "a" → einen after haben. Feminine "a" → eine. Neuter "a" → ein.


Next up: Lesson 4 — Regular verbs (machen, lernen, wohnen, arbeiten, spielen) and professions. You'll learn the pattern that covers 80% of all German verbs. Remember three endings — and you can conjugate almost anything. machen ≈ "make", lernen ≈ "learn". Free vocab again.

Lesson 3: The verbs haben and sein · Deutsch · Glottos Matrix